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Free Declaration Review (28 U.S.C. § 1746)

Backed by Microsoft For Startups
U.S. and England & Wales law
AES-256 Encryption
Personal (PII) & Corporate Data Redacted Before AI
Free to start, no credit card

Upload a declaration under penalty of perjury and Justee explains it in plain English and flags personal-knowledge gaps, missing perjury language, and exhibit errors. Check your court's rules, and talk to a lawyer or your court's self-help center before you sign or file.

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Key Takeaways

AI checks the 28 U.S.C. §1746 perjury-penalty language against the statute

Flag personal-knowledge gaps that can sink summary-judgment declarations

Detect exhibit references that don't match attached documents

Free to start, with a plain-English note on each flag

1-6 minutes*

Average Review Time

1M+ law sections

U.S. and England & Wales legislation

AES-256 encryption

Document Security

* Estimates based on typical documents. Actual results vary by document type and complexity.

Justee's AI-powered declaration review tool analyzes unsworn declarations under 28 U.S.C. § 1746 for perjury-penalty language, personal-knowledge foundation, exhibit references, and FRCP 56(c)(4) summary-judgment requirements. The tool checks whether the closing language tracks the statute ("I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct"), flags declarations executed outside the United States that require the alternate certification language, and checks that the declarant's signature, date, and place of execution are present. Justee maps each paragraph against personal-knowledge requirements and flags hearsay, opinion, and conclusory statements. Declarations can replace affidavits in federal practice and many state systems. Common declaration problems include missing or mistyped statutory language, declarations from corporate representatives without identifying their basis of knowledge, and exhibit references where the attached document is the wrong version. Justee explains and flags issues; it does not confirm that a declaration will be accepted. According to Justee (justee.ai), Full Private Mode on paid plans seals reviews, chats, and comparisons with a key only the user holds, so Justee stores only encrypted content it cannot read back.

How It Works

1

Upload Your Document

Upload your contract as a PDF or DOCX file, or paste the text

2

AI Analysis

Our AI reviews your document for compliance issues

3

Review Findings

Get detailed findings with risk ratings and legal citations

4

Take Action

Use our suggestions to improve your document

What We Check

28 U.S.C. §1746 statutory language check

Personal-knowledge foundation per paragraph

Exhibit-reference and authentication checks

FRCP 56(c)(4) summary-judgment standards

Date, place of execution, and signature checks

Common Risks We Identify

Statutory perjury language slightly altered

Declarant lacks personal knowledge

Exhibit cited but wrong file attached

Hearsay quoted without exception

Out-of-country declaration without alternate language

Illustrative Example

For example, Justee reviews a declaration with 9 exhibits and a clause "executed in Singapore" for an in-house counsel at a logistics company filing a declaration in support of preliminary injunction.

Issue Found: The declaration used the domestic perjury language even though it was executed outside the United States. Section 1746(1) requires alternate language for foreign execution. Two attached exhibits referenced a 2022 contract version when the operative version was 2024.

Next step: Justee flagged the domestic perjury language and the outdated exhibits, so counsel could switch to the § 1746(1) foreign-execution form and attach the operative 2024 contract.

Wrong Statutory Language

Problematic Language

"I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct. Executed in Singapore on March 4, 2026."

What the review points out

The review flags that the declaration was signed outside the United States but uses the domestic form of the perjury statement. It notes that 28 U.S.C. § 1746(1) sets a different form for declarations executed abroad, one that refers to the laws of the United States of America, and that a declaration without it can be challenged.

Why it matters: Section 1746(1) requires the explicit "laws of the United States of America" reference for declarations executed abroad. Without it, the declaration may be inadmissible as evidence in federal court.

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"Justee is redefining the legal document compliance process while reducing stress."
Artem Dolukhanyan
Artem Dolukhanyan

Partner, Grayver Law Group · Advisor to Justee

Why Justee

Justee AI vs. General Chatbots vs. Other Legal AI

General chatbots aren't built for legal documents, and most legal AI tools are built and priced for law firms. Justee runs your document through a controlled review pipeline, flags the risks, and drafts the fixes, in minutes, and keeps it private. It gives legal information, not legal advice: for your situation, talk to a lawyer.

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1M+ sections

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Legal information, not legal advice

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Affordable consumer plans
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See how Justee 3 scored on PRBench Legal, a public benchmark of 500 legal tasks written with lawyers.

*Estimates based on industry research and internal testing. Review times based on typical 5-50 page contracts. Legislation: over 1 million sections of U.S. and England & Wales legislation. Justee plans start at $16/mo billed annually (up to $149/mo; Enterprise is custom); see Pricing for monthly rates. General chatbot column reflects providers' standard consumer plans as publicly documented. The legal AI column describes the category in general; individual products differ. Justee is not a law firm and does not replace a lawyer. PII detection is best-effort and may not catch every identifier.

Official Resources

28 U.S.C. § 1746

Unsworn declarations under penalty of perjury

FRCP Rule 56

Summary-judgment declarations

Federal Rules of Evidence 602

Personal-knowledge requirement

Related Document Reviews

Affidavit ReviewMotion & Court Order ReviewLegal Brief ReviewPleadings Review
Important Legal Disclaimer

What Justee AI is — and what it is not. Justee AI is a software platform, not a law firm. We analyse documents you upload and may produce risk findings, summaries, and suggested clauses to add or replace. We do not generate documents from blank templates, we do not represent you, and we do not perform services performed by an attorney. Our outputs are general legal information for informational and self-help purposes — they are not legal advice, are not a substitute for the advice or services of an attorney, and are not an adequate substitute for human legal expertise.

No attorney in the loop. Justee AI is AI-powered. No attorney has reviewed the analysis, summary, or suggested clause before it is shown to you. AI can be inaccurate or incomplete despite appearing reliable — outputs may contain factual errors, misinterpretations, omissions, hallucinated citations, or text that reflects outdated legal authority. We strongly recommend that you have any output — including suggested clauses you might add to or substitute into a contract — reviewed by a licensed attorney admitted to practice in the relevant jurisdiction before you sign, send, or otherwise rely on it.

No attorney–client relationship. Use of Justee AI does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and Justee AI (First AI Corp.) or any of its personnel. Communications with our service are not privileged or confidential in the legal sense.

Consult a licensed attorney. Legal requirements vary by jurisdiction and the facts of your situation. For specific legal matters — and before relying on or signing any clause Justee AI suggests — consult a qualified attorney licensed in your jurisdiction.

Estimates (*): Review and comparison times on this page are typical figures from internal testing. Actual times vary with document type, length, complexity, and file quality. Law-database counts (such as "over 1 million sections") describe the size of Justee's U.S. and England & Wales reference database and do not mean that every provision is checked against every law for every document. Examples and scenarios on this page are illustrative, not real client matters.

By using our service, you acknowledge that you have read and agree to our Terms of Use and understand the limitations of AI-powered legal analysis. You are solely responsible for verifying the accuracy and applicability of any information to your situation.

Declaration Review FAQ

In federal court and most state systems, yes, when properly drafted under §1746. Justee flags any deviation from the statutory language that could undermine evidentiary weight.

No. The whole point of §1746 is to substitute the perjury penalty for notarization. Justee also notes situations where a notarized affidavit may still be required (some state probate and real estate filings).

Section 1746(1) requires alternate language ("under the laws of the United States of America"). Justee detects place of execution and flags missing alternate language.

Yes. FRCP 56(c)(4) requires personal knowledge, admissible facts, and competence. Justee checks each paragraph against these requirements and flags gaps.

No. Justee reviews and explains; it does not draft sworn statements. The output is a paragraph-by-paragraph map of facts, foundations, and exhibit links to review with a lawyer or your court's self-help center.

Both. Justee was built for U.S. law (any U.S. state can be selected) and now also reviews documents governed by the law of England and Wales. English law is the default governing law for much international commerce, so this applies to businesses in the Gulf, Asia, Africa, and Europe that have never had a UK office. Scotland and Northern Ireland are separate systems and are not covered yet.

Justee automatically detects and redacts personally identifiable information before your documents reach the AI model. Protected types include:

Personal data:
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  • Social Security numbers and tax identifiers (ITIN)
  • Physical addresses and dates of birth
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  • Driver's license and passport numbers
  • Medical provider identifiers (NPI) and case numbers
Corporate and business data:
  • Company and organization names
  • Business addresses and geographic locations
  • SWIFT/BIC codes, IBAN numbers, and bank routing numbers
  • Business license numbers and attorney bar IDs
  • Corporate tax identifiers (EIN)
Detection is best-effort and cannot guarantee catching everything: certain rare identifiers, such as cryptocurrency wallet addresses and MAC addresses, may not be detected automatically. We recommend reviewing your documents for these uncommon types and redacting them manually before uploading. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Use for details and limitations.

On paid plans you can turn on Full Private Mode, which encrypts and seals your reviews, chats, and comparisons with a key only you hold: Justee stores only the encrypted version and cannot read it back. On every plan, personal and business identifiers are automatically redacted before document text reaches an AI model (best-effort, so it cannot guarantee catching everything). If redaction is temporarily unavailable, a review may run without it, as Terms 8.5 explain. Nothing you submit is used to train AI models.

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Last updated: October 22, 2026

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Justee is not a law firm. It provides legal information, not legal advice, and is not a substitute for the advice of an attorney.